Adaptive Optimum Smoothing Architecture to Combat Fading

An adaptive smoother includes a phase lock loop, a scintillation amplitude estimator and a fixed delay smoother operating on amplitude estimates for providing improved phase and/or code delay estimates of coherently modulated signals in the presence of dynamic phase process and time varying amplitudes. The adaptive smoother can be applied to GPS communication signals that are subject to fading due to small-scale temporal and spatial variations in ionospheric electron density. The adaptive smoother in a communication or navigation receiver results in improved signal tracking and navigation solutions.